The Arduino Uno pinout guide includes information you need about the different pins of the Arduino Uno microcontroller and their uses: power supply, analog and digital pins and ICSP. The guide also discusses different communication protocols used by the Arduino and a detailed diagram of the Arduino Uno board. Burning the bootloader. From STM32duino wiki. Set the 'boot 0' pin/jumper high, and 'boot 1' low. Download and install Flash Loader Demonstrator from here.
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I'm trying to install a bootloader on my ATmega328P-PU. I'm trying to install it from Arduino Uno (not original). I can install all sketches. After I click 'Burn bootloader' I get the following error:
How to fix it?
gre_gor
1 Answer
EDIT: First ensure that you have made the hardware correctly (see comment below this post).
If you need different settings for custom avr hardware the following will help:-
The best way to create a custom board definition is to create your own boards.txt entry in the Arduino custom hardware folder.
But less effort to learn is to try to temporarily change or add to the Arduino IDE avr board definitions.
The board definition (properties) are passed to the tool that burns the bootloader. All board specific properties are provided by the boards.txt
Edit the [ArduinoIDEHardwarehardwarearduinoavrboards.txt with a text editor and find the Uno section.
It looks like this. Notice the mcu, vid, pid and uno.bootloader.file= settings in particular. The bootloader points to a file in [ArduinoIDEHardwarehardwarearduinoavr
You can add a new entry like this. The example uses a board prefix of uno2. but it can be any simple unique name.
Save the changes to boards.txt then restart the Ide:-
note: make a copy of the .txt or grab a new one from the zip on arduino.cc if you mess it up.
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What's a Library?
Arduino libraries take a complex task and boil it down to simple to use functions. Arduino users have written lots of exciting add-ons for Arduino. For example, capacitive sensing takes difficult timing and pulsing of digital pins. We can write the code from scratch, or we can stand on the shoulders of great people who are smarter than we are.
Capacitive touch sensing is a very popular interface. The CapacitiveSensor library takes care of everything so that we don’t have to write code like this:
All that code can be replaced with a much easier to use and understand statement such as:
myCapPad.capacitiveSensor() takes care of all the heavy lifting and the senseReading variable contains the value sensed from our capacitive pad. Libraries make complex tasks easier so that we can focus on larger projects.
There are thousands of libraries out there! And luckily it’s pretty easy to install them. This tutorial will show you how to a library in Arduino v1.0.5 but should apply for many past, present, and future versions of Arduino.
Suggested Reading
Make sure you have a good understanding of the following concepts before getting any further into this tutorial.
The Arduino website also has great instructions on installing libraries if you need more information.
Using the Library Manager
The library manager was added starting with Arduino IDE versions 1.5 and greater (1.6.x). It is found in the ‘Sketch’ menu under ‘Include Library’, ‘Manage Libraries…’
Arduino 1.5+ Library Manager Menu Option
When you open the Library Manager you will find a large list of libraries ready for one-click install. To find a library for your product, search for the product name or a keyword such as ‘k type’ or ‘digitizer’, and the library you want should show up. Click on the desired library, and the ‘Install’ button will appear. Click that button, and the library should install automatically. When installation finishes, close the Library Manager.
Library in the Library Manager, Ready to be Installed
Alternatively, if you have a library of your own you would like to add or a library that hasn’t been added to the Library Manger yet, you can click the ‘Add .ZIP Library’ option, which will then allow you to choose a folder or .ZIP file containing the library of your choice.
Now that the library is installed, an example sketch can be found in the ‘Examples’ submenu.
Example Sketch
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Since this is a relatively new feature of the Arduino IDE at the time of this writing not all SparkFun products will have libraries in the library manager. We are adding new products and working our way through older products over time. If you don’t find the library you need in the manager or for some reason cannot install one of the modern IDE releases, follow the instructions in the following sections.
Installing a Library - Windows
This section covers installing a library under the Windows environment and utilizes quite a few screen shots. If you’re more of a text learner then check out the Arduino tutorial on installing libraries.
We are going to use the Capacitive Sense library for this example. Navigate to the library’s page and download the zip file.
The contents of the Capacitive Sense zip file
Find the zip file on your local computer (wherever downloaded files end up). Under Windows, you should be able to double click on the file to open it up.
This particular library contains libraries for both the basic Arduino and the more advanced Arduino Due. You can use both if you’d like, but, for this example, we will be copying and installing only the CapacitiveSensor folder.
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Libraries will usually contain a .cpp file and .h file. Most will also contain an examples folder.
Under Windows, Arduino stores all the add-on libraries within the My Documents folder. Here we see the location of the Arduino libraries folder.
Open an explorer window and navigate to the libraries folder under My Documents. Now copy the new CapacitiveSensor folder to the libraries folder.
Success!
Note: Arduino does not allow library folders to contain symbols such as hyphens ‘-’. Arduino will throw an error upon starting up. If the library you are installing has a funky folder name then this step is the ideal time to clean it up.
To verify the library has been installed correctly, open up the Examples folder under the Arduino IDE.
Wait. Where’s the CapacitiveSensor example? Did you have Arduino open when you copied and pasted the directory? Arduino checks the library directory at startup so if you already have Arduino open, you will need to restart Arduino any time you add to the libraries directory. If you don’t see the CapacitiveSensor example try closing and re-opening Arduino.
There it is! Let’s open the example provided with our new library.
Examples are the greatest thing about libraries! Good libraries will have well written examples showing how to use the library. These sketches are wonderful resources for example code and learning how to write good code under Arduino.
You now have the Capacitive Sensor library installed! Feel free to start from the example sketch, or begin writing your own code using the functions provided by the library. A library usually has documentation either on its site or written into readme files and example code. In general, to quickly learn how to use a library check out the example code.
Installing a Library - Mac
This section covers installing a library under the Mac OS X environment. If you’re more of a text learner then check out the Arduino tutorial on installing libraries.
We are going to use the Capacitive Sense library for this example. Navigate to the library’s page and download the zip file.
Find the zip file on your local computer (wherever downloaded files end up). Unzip it, and look at the folder contents.
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The contents of the Capacitive Sense zip file. Libraries will usually contain a .cpp file and .h file. Most will also contain an examples folder.
This particular library contains libraries for both the basic Arduino and the more advanced Arduino Due. You can use both if you’d like, but, for this example, we will be copying and installing only the CapacitiveSensor folder.
Now we need to add this folder to the Libraries folder for Arduino. This folder is somewhat hidden in OS X. To get there you can do one of two things. Option one, right-click on the Arduino icon located in your Dock. Go up to ‘Options’, then click ‘Show in Finder’.
Option two, find the Arduino app located in your applications folder within Finder.
Either option should get you to this point. Now, right-click on the Arduino app, and select ‘Show Package Contents’.
Navigate through the following folders, ‘Contents -> Resources -> Java’, until you reach the ‘libraries’ folder. Note: if you don’t have a libraries folder, simply create one here.
Inside the libraries folder is where you want to copy/move the library folder you just downloaded and unzipped. You’ll aslo notice this is where all the default libraries live as well as any other libraries you may have installed in the past.
Note: Arduino does not allow library folders to contain symbols such as hyphens ‘-’. Arduino will throw an error upon starting up. If the library you are installing has a funky folder name then this step is the ideal time to clean it up. Make sure the name of your folder matches the name of the files located within the library folder.
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Next, make sure that restart the Arduino IDE if it was open when you installed the library. This is a very important, often overlooked step. If you don’t restart, the library you just installed will not yet be available to the IDE.
To verify the library has been installed correctly, open up the ‘Examples’ folder under the Arduino IDE.
There it is! Let’s open the example provided with our new library.
Examples are the greatest thing about libraries! Good libraries will have well written examples showing how to use the library. These sketches are wonderful resources for example code and learning how to write good code under Arduino.
You now have the Capacitive Sensor library installed! Feel free to start from the example sketch, or begin writing your own code using the functions provided by the library. A library usually has documentation either on its site or written into readme files and example code. In general, to quickly learn how to use a library check out the example code.
Resources and Going Further
If you’re looking for some great libraries to get started with, here are some of our favorites:
- TinyGPS is the gold standard for interfacing to GPS modules.
- SevSeg is a library we wrote to make controlling 7-segment displays easier.
- Sdfat is a very good library that allows you to read and write files to SD cards. Great for datalogging! Be sure to checkout all the examples included with the library.
- MP3Shield is a great example of a customer of SparkFun taking complex example code and creating a very good library to make the device easier to use.
- EEPROM is a built-in library that allows users to read and store settings within the non-volatile memory of the ATmega328. Very useful!
- Capacitive Sensor is the library we covered in this tutorial. It’s great for non-contact capacitive switches and field sensing.
- Infrared Remote is a great library for reading signals from IR remotes and controlling IR remote based things like TVs and sound systems.
Built in libraries
You may not realize it, but you’re probably already using libraries! If you’ve used:
Then you’re using the Serial() library built in to Arduino. Arduino has quite a few built-in libraries. Here’s the list of the libraries that you can start using immediately!
Write your own Arduino library
Once you’ve used a handle of different libraries, consider writing your own! Here’s a good tutorial showing how to write your own library so that you can help the world by making complex tasks a little easier.
More Arduino
If you’re looking for more Arduino tutorials, have a look at these:
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